【havesbdoingsth的用法归纳高中】在高中英语学习中，“have sb doing sth”是一个常见的句型结构，用于表达“让某人做某事”或“使某人处于某种状态”。这个结构在阅读理解和写作中都非常重要。以下是对“have sb doing sth”的用法进行归纳总结，并以表格形式展示。
一、基本结构与含义
结构：
have + 宾语（sb）+ 动词-ing 形式（doing sth）
含义：
表示“让某人一直做某事”或“使某人处于某种状态”，强调动作的持续性或结果。
- 例句：
- I had him waiting at the gate for an hour.
（我让他在门口等了一个小时。）
- The teacher had the students writing in silence.
（老师让学生们安静地写作业。）
二、常见用法与搭配
| 用法类型 | 说明 | 例句 |
| 1. 让某人做某事 | 表示安排或命令某人去做某事 | I had my brother clean the room. |
| 2. 使某人处于某种状态 | 强调结果或状态 | She had her hair cut short. |
| 3. 表示习惯或经常发生的事 | 常用于过去时态 | He had his parents calling him every day. |
| 4. 表达被动意义 | 可用于被动语态中 | The boss had the report finished by noon. |
三、注意事项
1. 动词-ing 的使用：必须使用动词的ing形式，不能用原形或不定式。
- ❌ I had him to wait.
- ✅ I had him waiting.
2. 时态变化：根据句子的时态不同，主句和宾语补足语也要相应调整。
- 过去时：I had him working all day.
- 现在时：She has him cleaning the house every weekend.
3. 与 have sb do sth 的区别：
- have sb do sth：表示“让某人做某事”（强调动作本身），常用于命令或请求。
- 例：I had him go to the store.（我让他去商店。）
- have sb doing sth：表示“让某人一直在做某事”（强调动作的持续性）。
- 例：I had him waiting for a long time.（我让他等了很久。）
四、常见错误对比
| 正确用法 | 错误用法 | 原因 |
| I had him studying all night. | I had him study all night. | 应用ing形式表示持续动作 |
| She had her car repaired. | She had her car to repair. | 不可用不定式 |
| They had the workers building the house. | They had the workers build the house. | 用ing表示动作持续 |
| I had the problem solved. | I had the problem to solve. | 用过去分词表示被动结果 |
五、总结
“have sb doing sth”是一种非常实用的句型结构，尤其在描述“让某人做某事”或“使某人处于某种状态”时使用广泛。掌握其结构、用法及常见搭配，有助于提高英语表达的准确性和自然度。同时，注意与“have sb do sth”之间的区别，避免语法错误。
表格总结：
| 结构 | 含义 | 例句 |
| have + sb + doing sth | 让某人一直做某事/使某人处于某种状态 | I had him waiting for me. |
| have + sb + do sth | 让某人做某事（强调动作本身） | I had him go to the store. |
| have + sth + done | 使某物被做（被动意义） | I had my phone fixed. |
通过以上归纳，希望同学们能够更好地掌握“have sb doing sth”的用法，在考试和日常交流中灵活运用。
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