【2018年外研版初一英语语法知识点总结复习(最新超详细版).】在初一阶段，英语学习是打基础的关键时期。尤其是语法部分，掌握好基本的语法规则，能够帮助学生更好地理解和运用英语。以下是对2018年外研版初一英语教材中涉及的主要语法知识点的系统梳理和总结，适合学生复习巩固，也适合教师作为教学参考。
一、名词
1. 可数名词与不可数名词
- 可数名词有单复数形式，如：book/books, student/students。
- 不可数名词没有复数形式，如：water, information, advice。
2. 名词的复数形式
- 一般情况加“-s”，如：cat-cats。
- 以s, x, ch, sh结尾的词加“-es”，如：bus-buses, box-boxes。
- 以辅音+y结尾的词，变y为i加“-es”，如：city-cities。
- 以o结尾的词，多数加“-es”，如：photo-photos。
二、冠词
1. 不定冠词a / an
- a用于辅音音素开头的单词前，如：a book。
- an用于元音音素开头的单词前，如：an apple。
2. 定冠词the
- 特指某人或某物时使用，如：The book is on the table.
三、代词
1. 人称代词
- 主格：I, you, he, she, it, we, they
- 宾格：me, you, him, her, it, us, them
2. 物主代词
- 形容词性：my, your, his, her, its, our, their
- 名词性：mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs
3. 反身代词
- myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves
四、介词
1. 常用介词
- in, on, at, to, from, with, by, about, for, between, among等。
2. 常见搭配
- in the morning, on Sunday, at school, to the park, from China to Canada, with a pen, by bus, about the weather, for lunch, between two buildings, among friends
五、动词
1. 一般现在时
- 结构：主语 + 动词原形（第三人称单数加-s）
- 例句：She likes apples. They play football every day.
2. 现在进行时
- 结构：be (am/is/are) + 动词-ing
- 例句：I am reading a book. They are playing basketball.
3. 一般过去时
- 结构：主语 + 动词过去式
- 例句：He went to school yesterday. We watched a movie last night.
六、形容词和副词
1. 形容词
- 用来修饰名词，通常放在名词前或系动词后。
- 例句：a beautiful girl, She is happy.
2. 副词
- 用来修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，常以“-ly”结尾。
- 例句：He runs quickly. She speaks very clearly.
七、句子结构
1. 简单句
- 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语
- 例句：I like English.
2. 疑问句
- 一般疑问句：Do you like apples?
- 特殊疑问句：What do you like?
3. 祈使句
- Let’s go. Please sit down.
八、情态动词
1. can / could
- 表示能力或可能性
- 例句：I can swim. He could help you.
2. must
- 表示必须、应该
- 例句：You must finish your homework.
3. should
- 表示建议或义务
- 例句：You should study harder.
九、时态复习
1. 一般现在时
- 用于习惯、事实、真理等。
- 例句：The sun rises in the east.
2. 现在进行时
- 用于正在发生的动作。
- 例句：They are having lunch now.
3. 一般过去时
- 用于过去发生的动作或状态。
- 例句：I visited my aunt last weekend.
十、常见句型归纳
1. There be 句型
- 表示“有”，结构为：There is / are + 名词
- 例句：There is a cat under the table. There are many students in the classroom.
2. How many / How much
- How many 用于可数名词复数，How much 用于不可数名词
- 例句：How many books do you have? How much water is there?
3. This is / These are / That is / Those are
- 用于指代事物
- 例句：This is my pencil. These are my books.
总结
初一英语语法内容虽然基础，但却是后续学习的重要基石。通过系统的复习和练习，可以帮助学生建立扎实的语法基础，提升语言综合运用能力。希望这份整理能对初一学生有所帮助，也为教师的教学提供参考。坚持每天积累，打好基础，英语学习一定会更加轻松愉快。
